Mitigation of aflatoxin contamination of maize, groundnut, and sorghum by commercial biocontrol products in farmers’ fields across Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, and Togo

Table 6 Aflatoxin content in biocontrol-treated and untreated commercially-produced maize and groundnut at harvest in three agroecological zones (AEZs) of Burkina Faso in 2018 and 2019

Year	Organization^a	Crop	AEZ^b	Treatment	n	Total aflatoxin (ppb)				Red (%)^c
Year	Organization^a	Crop	AEZ^b	Treatment	n	Min	Max	Mean	Variance	Red (%)^c
2018	Agroserv Industrie SA	Maize	SGS	Treated	6	0.6	4.2	2.2	1.6	91
				Untreated	6	2.4	90.5	23.9	1,160.9
	UPPAL	Maize	SGS	Treated	8	0.0	2.1	1.0	0.7	95
				Untreated	8	0.5	136.0	19.2	2,230.4
	ETW	Maize	NGS	Treated	5	1.3	4.8	3.0	0.3	54
				Untreated	5	5.0	7.9	6.4	0.3
	USCCPA-BM	Maize	NGS	Treated	8	0.4	1.7	1.0	2.1	34
				Untreated	8	0.8	2.1	1.6	1.3
	ETW	Groundnut	SS	Treated	6	1.5	5.3	3.5	1.0	94
				Untreated	6	2.2	194.1	60.1	3,226.6
	AFDR	Groundnut	SS	Treated	6	0.2	2.4	1.6	2.3	94
				Untreated	6	1.8	141.8	25.9	7,097.2
2019	FNZ	Maize	NGS	Treated	10	0.7	10.8	4.4	8.4	77
				Untreated	10	5.2	40.0	18.7	124.4
	UPPAT	Maize	NGS	Treated	7	0.7	3.6	1.5	0.9	89
				Untreated	7	1.5	61.2	14.1	413.9
	UPPAK	Maize	SGS	Treated	8	1.3	4.4	3.0	0.9	74
				Untreated	8	0.0	83.6	11.5	743.6
	UPPAH	Maize	SGS	Treated	8	0.8	4.0	1.6	1.0	87
				Untreated	8	1.0	32.8	12.1	131.9

^aUPPAL: Union Provinciale des Professionels Agricoles de la Léraba; ETW: Ets Tangongossé Wambatié; USCCPA/BM:Union des Sociétés Coopératives pour la Commercialisation des Produits Agricoles de la Boucle du Mouhoun; AFDR: Association Formation Développement et Ruralité; FNZ: Fédération Nian Zwè; UPPAT: Union Provinciale des Professionels Agricoles du Tuy; UPPAK: Union Provinciale des Professionels Agricoles du Kénédougou; UPPAH: Union Provinciale des Professionels Agricoles du Houet
^bSGS: Southern Guinea Savannah; NGS: Northern Guinea Savannah; SS: Sahel Savannah
^cPercent reduction, calculated as follows: ([mean of untreated—mean of Aflasafe BF01-treated]/mean of untreated) × 100

ISSN: 2662-4044