Fig. 2

AgMIP model intercomparison protocol used in Regional Integrated Assessment framework, adapted from (Rosenzweig et al. 2013; Antle 2021) to also include combined mitigation and adaptation outcomes. We note that our present study focuses on integrated climate information (light blue box) with process-based rice crop soil biogeochemistry model simulations (green box), specifically using DNDC-ORYZA, described below. Generally, this framework is intended to be multi-model, whereby multiple models are run in a harmonized way and intercompared for each framework component