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Table 3 Toxicity of spinosad, emamectin benzoate + lufenuron, thiocyclam and flubendiamide insecticides to adults of Trichogramma brassicae wasp

From: Side effects of insecticides used for management of Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) on the biocontrol agent Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Insecticides

Slope ± SE

χ2

Lethal Dose [mg a.i/L]

Classification

LC30 (95%FL)

LC50 (95%FL)

LC90 (95%FL)

Spinosad

2.26 ± 0.37

37.92

0.43 (0.54–0.29)

0.73 (0.85–0.60)

2.71 (4.60–2.03)

Harmful

Emamectin benzoate + Lufenuron

2.92 ± 0.42

47.34

2.76 (3.22–2.17)

4.17 (4.68–3.67)

11.46 (16.90–9.14)

Moderately Harmful

Thiocyclam

4.60 ± 0.68

45.87

7.37 (8.14–6.29)

9.59 (10.30–8.81)

18.2 (23.35–15.77)

Harmless

Flubendiamide

2.48 ± 0.39

40.90

2.51 (3.03–1.83)

4.09 (4.67–3.48)

13.4 (22.05–10.21)

Moderately Harmful

  1. The classification was made according to IOBC ranking (Hassan 1992)
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CABI Agriculture and Bioscience

ISSN: 2662-4044