Genetic variability and trait associations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under drought-stressed and well-watered conditions

Table 1 Mean squares and significant test analysis of variance for 16 agronomic traits of 196 bread wheat genotypes evaluated under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions

Sources	Drought-stressed conditions
Sources	DF	DH	GFP	DM	PH	NTPP	SL	FLA	SPS	FSPS	NKPS	SF	BMY	HI	KWS	TKW	GY
G	195	165.9**	52.6**	105.1**	290.2**	1.49 ns	2.6**	119.0**	5.72**	5.753**	58.2**	3.02 ns	3.624	22.1 ns	1.3**	123.4**	0.74**
E	3	3700.7**	3103**	9679**	2284.9**	526.7**	42.4**	9452.6**	495.8**	282.986**	835.9**	457.6**	33.269	3963.6**	3.9**	4199.3**	21.1**
G × E	585	22.4**	30.9**	22.5**	108.2**	1.5 ns	1.28**	79.6**	3.82**	3.778**	37.4**	2.2 ns	1.266	17.7 ns	0.42**	36**	0.25**
Residuals	784	3.4	20.16	10.5	76.4	3.09	0.43	20.1	1.07	1.048	13.68	4.61	0.348	24.8	0.0778	7.6	0.0532
CV (%)		6.52	9.11	5.03	9.49	11.54	8.55	10.38	7.02	6.71	5.93	2.04	6.85	9.06	7.21	6.43	10.84

ns non-significant, DH Days to heading, GFP Grain filling period (days), DM Days to maturity, PH Plant height (cm), NTPP Number of tillers plant⁻¹, SL Spike length (cm), FLA Flag leaf area (cm²), SPS Spikelets spike⁻¹, FSPS Fertile spikelets spike⁻¹, NKPS Number of kernels spike⁻¹, SF Spike fertility (%), BMY Biomass yield (t ha⁻¹), HI Harvest index (%), KWS Kernels weight spike⁻¹ (g), TKW Thousand kernels weight (g), and GY Grain yield (t ha⁻¹)
G Genotypes, E Environments, G × E Genotype by environment interactions, CV (%) Coefficient of variation in percent
**Highly significant, *significant

ISSN: 2662-4044